179 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
179 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
# Quantum MK Firmware
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This is a keyboard firmware based on the [tmk_keyboard firmware](http://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard) with some useful features for Atmel AVR controllers, and more specifically, the [OLKB product line](http://olkb.co) and the [ErgoDox EZ](http://www.ergodox-ez.com) keyboard.
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QMK is developed and maintained by Jack Humbert of OLKB with contributions from the community, and of course, TMK.
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This documentation is edited and maintained by Erez Zukerman of ErgoDox EZ. If you spot any typos or inaccuracies, please [open an issue](https://github.com/jackhumbert/qmk_firmware/issues/new).
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## Important background info: TMK documentation
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The documentation below explains QMK customizations and elaborates on some of the more useful features of TMK. To understand the base firmware, and especially what *layers* are and how they work, please see [TMK_README.md](/TMK_README.md).
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## Getting started
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* **If you're looking to customize a keyboard that currently runs QMK or TMK** , find your keyboard's directory under `/keyboard/` and read the README file. This will get you all set up.
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* Read the [QUICK_START.md](QUICK_START.md) if you want to hit the ground running with minimal fuss or you aren't a technical person and you just want to build the firmware with the least amount of hassle possible.
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* If you're looking to apply this firmware to an entirely new hardware project (a new kind of keyboard), you can create your own Quantum-based project by using `./new_project.sh <project_name>`, which will create `/keyboard/<project_name>` with all the necessary components for a Quantum project.
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You have access to a bunch of goodies! Check out the Makefile to enable/disable some of the features. Uncomment the `#` to enable them. Setting them to `no` does nothing and will only confuse future you.
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BACKLIGHT_ENABLE = yes # Enable keyboard backlight functionality
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MIDI_ENABLE = yes # MIDI controls
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# UNICODE_ENABLE = yes # Unicode support - this is commented out, just as an example. You have to use #, not //
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BLUETOOTH_ENABLE = yes # Enable Bluetooth with the Adafruit EZ-Key HID
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## Quick aliases to common actions
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Your keymap can include shortcuts to common operations (called "function actions" in tmk).
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### Switching and toggling layers
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`MO(layer)` - momentary switch to *layer*. As soon as you let go of the key, the layer is deactivated and you pop back out to the previous layer. When you apply this to a key, that same key must be set as `KC_TRNS` on the destination layer. Otherwise, you won't make it back to the original layer when you release the key (and you'll get a keycode sent). You can only switch to layers *above* your current layer. If you're on layer 0 and you use `MO(1)`, that will switch to layer 1 just fine. But if you include `MO(3)` on layer 5, that won't do anything for you -- because layer 3 is lower than layer 5 on the stack.
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`LT(layer, kc)` - momentary switch to *layer* when held, and *kc* when tapped. Like `MO()`, this only works upwards in the layer stack (`layer` must be higher than the current layer).
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`TG(layer)` - toggles a layer on or off. As with `MO()`, you should set this key as `KC_TRNS` in the destination layer so that tapping it again actually toggles back to the original layer. Only works upwards in the layer stack.
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### Fun with modifier keys
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* `LSFT(kc)` - applies left Shift to *kc* (keycode) - `S(kc)` is an alias
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* `RSFT(kc)` - applies right Shift to *kc*
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* `LCTL(kc)` - applies left Control to *kc*
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* `RCTL(kc)` - applies right Control to *kc*
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* `LALT(kc)` - applies left Alt to *kc*
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* `RALT(kc)` - applies right Alt to *kc*
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* `LGUI(kc)` - applies left GUI (command/win) to *kc*
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* `RGUI(kc)` - applies right GUI (command/win) to *kc*
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* `HYPR(kc)` - applies Hyper (all modifiers) to *kc*
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* `MEH(kc)` - applies Meh (all modifiers except Win/Cmd) to *kc*
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You can also chain these, like this:
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LALT(LCTL(KC_DEL)) -- this makes a key that sends Alt, Control, and Delete in a single keypress.
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The following shortcuts automatically add `LSFT()` to keycodes to get commonly used symbols. Their long names are also available and documented in `/quantum/keymap_common.h`.
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KC_TILD ~
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KC_EXLM !
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KC_AT @
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KC_HASH #
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KC_DLR $
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KC_PERC %
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KC_CIRC ^
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KC_AMPR &
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KC_ASTR *
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KC_LPRN (
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KC_RPRN )
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KC_UNDS _
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KC_PLUS +
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KC_LCBR {
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KC_RCBR }
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KC_PIPE |
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KC_COLN :
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`MT(mod, kc)` - is *mod* (modifier key - MOD_LCTL, MOD_LSFT) when held, and *kc* when tapped. In other words, you can have a key that sends Esc (or the letter O or whatever) when you tap it, but works as a Control key or a Shift key when you hold it down.
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These are the values you can use for the `mod` in `MT()` (right-hand modifiers are not available):
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* MOD_LCTL
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* MOD_LSFT
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* MOD_LALT
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* MOD_LGUI
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These can also be combined like `MOD_LCTL | MOD_LSFT` e.g. `MT(MOD_LCTL | MOD_LSFT, KC_ESC)` which would activate Control and Shift when held, and send Escape when tapped.
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We've added shortcuts to make common modifier/tap (mod-tap) mappings more compact:
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* `CTL_T(kc)` - is LCTL when held and *kc* when tapped
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* `SFT_T(kc)` - is LSFT when held and *kc* when tapped
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* `ALT_T(kc)` - is LALT when held and *kc* when tapped
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* `GUI_T(kc)` - is LGUI when held and *kc* when tapped
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* `ALL_T(kc)` - is Hyper (all mods) when held and *kc* when tapped. To read more about what you can do with a Hyper key, see [this blog post by Brett Terpstra](http://brettterpstra.com/2012/12/08/a-useful-caps-lock-key/)
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* `MEH_T(kc)` - is like Hyper, but not as cool -- does not include the Cmd/Win key, so just sends Alt+Ctrl+Shift.
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### Temporarily setting the default layer
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`DF(layer)` - sets default layer to *layer*. The default layer is the one at the "bottom" of the layer stack - the ultimate fallback layer. This currently does not persist over power loss. When you plug the keyboard back in, layer 0 will always be the default. It is theoretically possible to work around that, but that's not what `DF` does.
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### Remember: These are just aliases
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These functions work the same way that their `ACTION_*` functions do - they're just quick aliases. To dig into all of the tmk ACTION_* functions, please see the [TMK documentation](https://github.com/jackhumbert/qmk_firmware/blob/master/tmk_core/doc/keymap.md#2-action).
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Instead of using `FNx` when defining `ACTION_*` functions, you can use `F(x)` - the benefit here is being able to use more than 32 function actions (up to 4096), if you happen to need them.
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## Macro shortcuts: Send a whole string when pressing just one key
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Instead of using the `ACTION_MACRO` function, you can simply use `M(n)` to access macro *n* - *n* will get passed into the `action_get_macro` as the `id`, and you can use a switch statement to trigger it. This gets called on the keydown and keyup, so you'll need to use an if statement testing `record->event.pressed` (see keymap_default.c).
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```c
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const macro_t *action_get_macro(keyrecord_t *record, uint8_t id, uint8_t opt) // this is the function signature -- just copy/paste it into your keymap file as it is.
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{
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switch(id) {
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case 0: // this would trigger when you hit a key mapped as M(0)
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if (record->event.pressed) {
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return MACRO( I(255), T(H), T(E), T(L), T(L), W(255), T(O), END ); // this sends the string 'hello' when the macro executes
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}
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break;
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}
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return MACRO_NONE;
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};
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```
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A macro can include the following commands:
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* I() change interval of stroke in milliseconds.
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* D() press key.
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* U() release key.
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* T() type key(press and release).
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* W() wait (milliseconds).
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* END end mark.
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So above you can see the stroke interval changed to 255ms between each keystroke, then a bunch of keys being typed, waits a while, then the macro ends.
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Note: Using macros to have your keyboard send passwords for you is a bad idea.
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### Additional keycode aliases for software-implemented layouts (Colemak, Dvorak, etc)
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Everything is assuming you're in Qwerty (in software) by default, but there is built-in support for using a Colemak or Dvorak layout by including this at the top of your keymap:
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#include "keymap_<layout>.h"
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Where <layout> is "colemak" or "dvorak". After including this line, you will get access to:
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* `CM_*` for all of the Colemak-equivalent characters
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* `DV_*` for all of the Dvorak-equivalent characters
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These implementations assume you're using Colemak or Dvorak on your OS, not on your keyboard - this is referred to as a software-implemented layout. If your computer is in Qwerty and your keymap is in Colemak or Dvorak, this is referred to as a firmware-implemented layout, and you won't need these features.
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To give an example, if you're using software-implemented Colemak, and want to get an `F`, you would use `CM_F` - `KC_F` under these same circumstances would result in `T`.
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## Additional language support
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In `quantum/keymap_extras/`, you'll see various language files - these work the same way as the alternative layout ones do. Most are defined by their two letter country/language code followed by an underscore and a 4-letter abbreviation of its name. `FR_UGRV` which will result in a `ù` when using a software-implemented AZERTY layout. It's currently difficult to send such characters in just the firmware (but it's being worked on - see Unicode support).
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## Unicode support
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You can currently send 4 hex digits with your OS-specific modifier key (RALT for OSX with the "Unicode Hex Input" layout) - this is currently limited to supporting one OS at a time, and requires a recompile for switching. 8 digit hex codes are being worked on. The keycode function is `UC(n)`, where *n* is a 4 digit hexidecimal. Enable from the Makefile.
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## Other firmware shortcut keycodes
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* `RESET` - puts the MCU in DFU mode for flashing new firmware (with `make dfu`)
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* `DEBUG` - the firmware into debug mode - you'll need hid_listen to see things
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* `BL_ON` - turns the backlight on
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* `BL_OFF` - turns the backlight off
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* `BL_<n>` - sets the backlight to level *n*
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* `BL_INC` - increments the backlight level by one
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* `BL_DEC` - decrements the backlight level by one
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* `BL_TOGG` - toggles the backlight
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* `BL_STEP` - steps through the backlight levels
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Enable the backlight from the Makefile.
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## MIDI functionalty
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This is still a WIP, but check out `quantum/keymap_midi.c` to see what's happening. Enable from the Makefile.
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## Bluetooth functionality
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This requires [some hardware changes](https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/3psx0q/the_planck_keyboard_with_bluetooth_guide_and/?ref=search_posts), but can be enabled via the Makefile. The firmware will still output characters via USB, so be aware of this when charging via a computer. It would make sense to have a switch on the Bluefruit to turn it off at will.
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