171 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
171 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
# Homelab
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17-node Kubernetes cluster on five bare-metal Proxmox hosts, provisioned with Terraform and Ansible, managed through ArgoCD GitOps. Runs my home automation, media stack, photo backup, documents, and a few side projects.
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---
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## Architecture
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```mermaid
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graph TB
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subgraph ext[" External"]
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CF["Cloudflare CDN"]
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Admin["Remote Admin"]
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end
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subgraph vps["Edge VPS"]
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WG["WireGuard VPN Gateway"]
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TraefikVPS["Traefik"]
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Pangolin["Pangolin Tunnel Server"]
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end
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subgraph proxmox["Proxmox Cluster — 5 physical nodes"]
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subgraph cp["Control Plane x3 — HA etcd + kube-vip"]
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S["k3s-server"]
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end
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subgraph workers["Worker Nodes x14"]
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W["k3s-agent"]
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end
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DH["docker-host — Intel QuickSync GPU"]
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NFS["NFS Server — dedicated storage node"]
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end
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subgraph k8s["Kubernetes"]
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subgraph platform["Platform"]
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direction LR
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MetalLB
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Traefik
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Longhorn
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ArgoCD
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Prometheus
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ECK["Elastic Stack"]
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Istio["Istio Ambient"]
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end
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subgraph apps["Applications"]
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direction LR
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Immich
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VW["Vaultwarden"]
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HA["Home Assistant"]
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Media["Arr Stack + Jellyfin"]
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Other["Paperless, N8n, Ntfy ..."]
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end
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end
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Admin -->|WireGuard VPN| WG
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WG -->|tunnel| k8s
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CF -->|Cloudflare tunnel| k8s
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TraefikVPS --> Pangolin
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Pangolin -->|Newt client| k8s
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cp --- workers
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workers --- Longhorn
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NFS -->|NFS mount| Media
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DH -->|Docker| Media
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```
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---
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## Hardware
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| Layer | Host | Role | Resources |
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|-------|------|------|-----------|
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| Physical | `aya01` | Proxmox node + NFS server | Dedicated storage — no VMs |
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| Physical | `lulu` | Proxmox node | k3s agents |
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| Physical | `inko01` | Proxmox node | k3s server + agents + docker host |
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| Physical | `naruto01` | Proxmox node | k3s server + agents |
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| Physical | `mii01` | Proxmox node | k3s server + agents |
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| VM | `k3s-server-{10,11,12}` | K3s control plane (HA etcd + kube-vip VIP) | 2 vCPU · 4 GB RAM · 64 GB |
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| VM | `k3s-agent-{10…23}` | K3s worker nodes ×14 | 2 vCPU · 4 GB RAM · 128 GB |
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| VM | `docker-host11` | Docker host w/ GPU passthrough | 2 vCPU · 4 GB RAM · 192 GB · Intel QuickSync |
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| VM | `docker-lb` | Caddy reverse proxy (LAN only) | 1 vCPU · 2 GB RAM |
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| VPS | `mii` | Edge node (Netcup) | WireGuard · Traefik · Pangolin |
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All VMs run Debian 12 on `virtio` network bridges, provisioned from cloud-init templates via Terraform + Ansible.
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---
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## Platform Stack
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| Component | How deployed | Purpose |
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|-----------|-------------|---------|
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| **ArgoCD** | Helm (App-of-Apps) | GitOps CD — all cluster state driven from Git |
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| **ArgoCD Image Updater** | Helm | Watches registries, commits updated image tags back to Git |
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| **kube-vip** | DaemonSet on control plane | HA VIP for the K8s API server |
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| **Traefik** | k3s built-in | Ingress controller, fronted by MetalLB |
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| **MetalLB** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Bare-metal load balancer, assigns IPs from reserved pool |
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| **Cert-Manager** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Automated TLS via Let's Encrypt DNS-01 (Cloudflare API) |
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| **Sealed Secrets** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Encrypts secrets for safe storage in Git |
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| **Longhorn** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Distributed block storage (RWO + RWX) across all 14 agents |
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| **CloudNativePG** | Operator (ArgoCD) | HA PostgreSQL — used by Immich |
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| **Elastic Stack (ECK)** | Operator (ArgoCD) | Elasticsearch + Kibana + Fleet + Elastic Agents for observability |
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| **Kube-Prometheus-Stack** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Prometheus + Grafana monitoring |
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| **Goldilocks + VPA** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Resource usage analysis and request/limit rightsizing |
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| **Istio (Ambient)** | Helm (ArgoCD) | Service mesh — ztunnel DaemonSet on all nodes (L4); no Waypoint proxies yet |
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| **K3s Upgrade Controller** | Operator (ArgoCD) | Automated rolling K3s version upgrades |
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| **mii-wireguard** | Manifest (ArgoCD) | WireGuard pod — connects cluster to edge VPS, masquerades service CIDR |
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| **Newt** | Deployment (ArgoCD) | Pangolin tunnel client for VPS-proxied services |
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| **Cloudflared** | Deployment ×2 (ArgoCD) | Cloudflare tunnel — exposes selected services to the internet |
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---
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## Applications
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| Service | Description | Notable tech |
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|---------|-------------|--------------|
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| **Immich** | Photo & video backup (self-hosted Google Photos) | CloudNativePG · Redis · ML pod |
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| **Vaultwarden** | Bitwarden-compatible password manager | – |
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| **Paperless-ngx** | Document management + OCR | – |
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| **Home Assistant** | Home automation hub | – |
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| **N8n** | Workflow automation | – |
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| **Ntfy** | Self-hosted push notifications | – |
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| **Stirling PDF** | PDF tools | – |
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| **Karakeep** | Bookmark manager | – |
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| **Gitea** | Self-hosted Git (source of truth for ArgoCD) | Docker on docker-host11 |
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| **Gitea Runner** | CI/CD runner | – |
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| **Zeroclaw** | Per-user instances (×3) via Kustomize overlays | – |
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| **Arr Stack** | Media automation suite | Prowlarr · Sonarr · Radarr · Unpackarr |
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| **Download clients** | VPN-isolated download clients (×2) | Gluetun sidecar |
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| **Jellyfin** | Media server with hardware transcoding | Docker · Intel QuickSync |
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---
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## Design notes
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Everything goes through Git. ArgoCD owns the cluster state; nothing gets `kubectl apply`'d directly. ArgoCD Image Updater handles the image update loop: when a new tag appears in the registry, it commits the change back to Git and ArgoCD picks it up from there.
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Secrets are committed to Git too, encrypted via Sealed Secrets. Only the in-cluster controller holds the decryption key.
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No ports are open on the home router. Internal load balancing goes through MetalLB + Traefik. External access uses Cloudflare tunnels or a WireGuard VPN routed through the edge VPS.
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Longhorn handles block storage by replicating volumes across all 14 agent nodes. The media library lives on a dedicated NFS host instead — latency matters when Jellyfin is reading large video files, and NFS is simpler for that.
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Metrics go to Prometheus + Grafana. Logs and fleet management go to Elastic Stack via the ECK operator, with Elastic Agents running as a DaemonSet so every node is covered.
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All VMs are provisioned with Terraform and configured by Ansible. Rebuilding from scratch doesn't require remembering anything.
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---
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## Repo layout
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```
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ansible-homelab/
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├── roles/
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│ ├── common/ # base OS config, SSH hardening, node-exporter
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│ ├── k3s_server/ # control plane install + NoSchedule taint
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│ ├── k3s_agent/ # worker node install
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│ ├── kube_vip/ # kube-vip DaemonSet + TLS SAN config
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│ ├── docker_host/ # Docker + Intel QuickSync GPU passthrough
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│ ├── proxmox/ # Proxmox node setup
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│ └── edge_vps/ # VPS: WireGuard, Traefik, Pangolin, Elastic Agent
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└── playbooks/
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argocd-homelab/
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├── infrastructure/ # MetalLB, Longhorn, Cert-Manager, ECK, Istio, ...
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├── services/ # Immich, Vaultwarden, arr-stack, Home Assistant, ...
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└── cluster-apps/ # ArgoCD App-of-Apps root + ApplicationSets
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```
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